Hacker News Front Page · Zhang, Hanyu ·
A 5.3-million-year-old deep-sea whale necropolis in the Diamantina Zone
Una exploración con sumergible documentó 485 restos fósiles y sitios de caída de ballenas en la Zona Diamantina, en el océano Índico, incluidos cinco ecosistemas activos a profundidades de hasta 6.789 m. La fauna asociada comprende 35 grupos de macrofauna, muchos posiblemente nuevos para la ciencia, y los fósiles incluyen especies actuales y extintas de ballenas picudas; la datación isotópica indica que estos restos se acumulan allí desde hace al menos 5,3 millones de años. La combinación de la ecología de buceo de estas ballenas, la topografía del fondo y la sedimentación extremadamente lenta habría favorecido la formación de esta extensa reserva fósil y de un posible corredor para comunidades quimiosintéticas.
Whale falls are biodiversity oases at seabeds1–6, yet their record from the oceans has remained sparse and fragmentary6,7. Here we report the discovery of a vast whale necropolis in the Diamantina Zone (4,616- to 7,001-m depth), extending about 1,200 km along the sea floor of the southeastern Indian Ocean. This area has a deep and extensive accumulation comprising five modern natural whale-fall communities and 476 fossil cetaceans recorded. We show that carcasses host specialized communities dominated by brittle stars, bone-boring worms and chemosynthesis-based bivalves and that the fossil record in this area comprises both extant and extinct deep-diving beaked whales. Isotopic dating shows that whale falls in this region have occurred since at least 5.3 million years ago. These findings reshape the understanding of the limits and biogeography of whale-fall ecosystems and establish some deep sea floors as a fossil archive for tracing cetacean evolution over geological time. Researchers uncovered an enormous deep-sea accumulation of whale remains in the southeastern Indian Ocean, showing long-term, specialized ecosystems and an extensive fossil record that offers new insight into deep-ocean biodiversity and whale evolutionary history.